Facing criminal charges in Oklahoma can be overwhelming and intimidating. Whether the accusation is a misdemeanor or a serious felony, the process that follows can be confusing if you don’t know what to expect. Understanding how Oklahoma’s criminal justice system works can help you prepare, protect your rights, and make informed decisions about your case.
The Arrest and Booking Process
Most criminal cases begin with an arrest. After going into custody, you will go through booking, which involves fingerprinting, photographing, and recording your personal information. Depending on the circumstances and charges, you may be released on bond or held in jail until your initial court appearance.
Initial Appearance and Bail
Your first court appearance, often called an arraignment or initial appearance, happens quickly—usually within 48 hours of arrest. At this hearing:
- The judge will inform you of the charges against you.
- You’ll learn of your right to an attorney.
- The court will determine bail or other conditions for your release.
In some cases, you may be released on your own recognizance, while others may require a cash bond or surety bond to secure your release.
Arraignment and Plea
At your arraignment, you’ll enter a plea:
- Not guilty (most common at this stage)
- Guilty
- No contest (nolo contendere)
If you plead not guilty, your case proceeds to the next stages of pretrial motions and preparation for trial.
Discovery and Pretrial Hearings
During the discovery process, the prosecution and defense exchange evidence, including witness statements, police reports, and physical evidence. Pretrial hearings may address motions to suppress evidence, dismiss charges, or resolve procedural issues.
Plea Bargaining
Parties often resolve cases before trial through plea bargaining. This process allows you to plead guilty to lesser charges or receive a reduced sentence in exchange for avoiding trial. Deciding whether to accept a plea deal is a critical decision that you should make with the help of an experienced criminal defense attorney.
The Criminal Trial
If your case goes to trial, it will follow these steps:
- Jury Selection (or bench trial before a judge)
- Opening Statements by both sides
- Presentation of Evidence and witness testimony
- Closing Arguments
- Jury Deliberation and Verdict
The prosecution must prove your guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. If the court finds you not guilty, you are free to go. If convicted, the court will set a sentencing date.
Sentencing and Appeals
If you are convicted, the judge will impose a sentence based on state law and the specifics of your case. Sentences may include fines, probation, community service, or jail/prison time. If you believe errors were made during your trial, you may have the right to appeal the decision.
Claremore Criminal Defense Attorneys
We know how stressful and frightening criminal charges can be. Our experienced defense attorneys fight to protect your rights, your record, and your future. For a free consultation with an attorney at Kania Law – Claremore attorneys‘ law office, call 918-379-4872. Or you can click here to ask a free online legal question.
